This scale scores the consistency of the answers. There are questions in the MMPI-2 that repeat using different wording. Measures the tendency to respond inconsistently.
If 6 or more questions weren't answered, it would be wise to look at which items these were because there may be a pattern in the topics addressed that may reveal the respondent's level of comfort with an issue or with a psychopathology that they may be unwilling or unable to address. More than 10 omitted answers risks rendering invalid the totality of the results. A high amount of blank responses may signal confusion, resistance to taking the test, or simply that they did not finish. This scale adds how many questions were left unanswered. Perception of you for what is deemed true.
MMPI 2 SCALES PROFESSIONAL
It could be the case that this person described their current situation sincerely, and perhaps needs professional help. Once again, more information is needed to establish "Fake-Bad" behavior. On the opposite end of the spectrum, if F scores higher than L and K, it is possible that the subject tried to appear worse than what they are, which is known as "Fake-Bad".
MMPI 2 SCALES HOW TO
How to do this is explained below, along with all the scales.Īt best, or as outright misrepresentation,Īt worst, thus relying on their own view. Thus, the pattern must be supplemented with further information to determine whether "Fake-Good" actually took place. It might be that the pattern describes a moralistic conformist whose strong defenses allowed them to adapt successfully to the world. However, this pattern by itself does not make the profile invalid. If L and K score higher than F, it is likely that the test taker attempted to appear healthier than is really the case. Nonetheless, the most important validity scales are F, L, and K. These are the Validity Scales in the order presented in the results:Įach of these is described below in detail. This article explores in-depth how to carry out Step 1, arguably the most important step because the accuracy of all future steps depends directly on Step 1 being carried out correctly.Īre your test results valid, and what do the validity scales say about you?
MMPI 2 SCALES MANUAL
I have written this instruction manual with the aim of being as exact, as exhaustive, yet also as simple as possible, such that anyone can do it and fully understand what they are doing. Given this complexity, you may find the task of interpreting your own MMPI-2 results overwhelming. This general guideline notwithstanding, keep in mind that these point ranges do not apply rigidly, that is, some scales accept certain T-Scores as normal while other scales consider the very same scores abnormal.
On the lower bound, any T-Score below 35 would not be considered normal. Usually, anything above a 75 T-Score denotes a very high ranking on that scale, that is, within the top 1% of the population. Likewise, anything above a T-Score of 65 falls outside the normal range (among the top 3 to 5% of the general population). T-Scores are not percentages, but may be translated into percentages. What you will be paying attention to are the T-Scores, not the Raw Scores, unless otherwise specified. Please note that the MMPI-2 produces T-Scores and Raw Scores.
MMPI 2 SCALES FREE
To take the MMPI-2 free of charge, click here. Each of these is in itself composed of various other sub-scales. Once validity of the results are established, a profile is created employing the 10 Clinical Scales: hypochondriasis ( Hs), depression ( D), hysteria ( Hy), psychopathic deviate ( Pd), masculinity/femininity ( Mf), paranoia ( Pa), psychathenia ( Pt), schizophrenia ( Sc), hypomania ( Ma), and social introversion ( Si). Using 567 true or false questions, it rates the tester on 130 categories (validity scales included). The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2) is the most comprehensive personality test currently available.
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